![]() We explored many things in these early years, such as phase relationships between respiration, beat-to-beat blood pressure (pulse transit time) and heart rhythms, various measures of heart-brain interactions (McCraty, 2002), heart-brain synchronization between pairs of participants (McCraty, 2004) and the effects of emotions on hormonal and immune system variables (McCraty et al., 1998 Rein & McCraty, 1994 Rein et al., 1995). This observation led us to look at the patterns in the beat-to-beat changes in the time intervals between consecutive pairs of heartbeats, or what is known as heart rate variability (HRV). We were able to show that the primary underlying factor responsible for the differences in the frequency structures in the ECG spectra were the patterns of the changing time intervals between the R-waves in the ECGs. Our participants found it fascinating to see the spectra change as they intentionally changed their emotional states. We set up a process where the ECG spectra could be viewed in real-time. Surprisingly, these spectra appeared to reflect one’s emotional state and became our first form of heart-related biofeedback. One of the many things we looked at was the frequency spectrum of the electrocardiogram (ECG) over different time intervals (McCraty et al., 1993). We sought to determine which physiological variables were most sensitive to and correlated with changes in emotional states by analyzing many different physiological measures such as heart rate, electroencephalogram (EEG) and electromyography (EMG) activity, respiration, skin conductance, etc. Our first experiments were focused on the physiological correlates of positive emotions such as appreciation and compassion, as well negative emotions such as frustration, or anger. At that time there were very few published studies on positive emotions. The first intervention-focused study we conducted was with a population of 38 individuals with acquired immune deficiency virus (AIDS) in January of 1993 (Rozman et al., 1996). Mike Atkinson and I started our applied research laboratory where we first established cell culture, electrophysiology and Holter recording and analysis labs. ![]() The HeartMath Institute received its official IRS non-profit status in 1991 and shortly thereafter, the initial training courses we had been developing were offered publicly and the first books were published (Childre, 1992a, 1992b Childre, 1992a, 1992b). These experiences and intuitive promptings from my heart led me to sell my ownership in the company and accept an invitation to help Doc and others found a new non-profit research and educational organization to explore how the qualities associated with the heart could be related to improved healthy function, social harmony and helping people more effectively navigate an increasingly stressful and polarized world. Over the next few months I was surprised and delighted with the positive effects it had on my self-awareness, meditations, personal and business decisions and relationships and my ability to regulate my thoughts and emotions. I decided to sincerely try the heart-focused practices to access the heart’s intuitive guidance Doc had suggested. Although I was aware of the many references to the heart as a source of intuitive inner guidance, wisdom, and unconditional love, I considered them to be metaphors and never really took this seriously. ![]() It was during this period that I met Doc Childre, who, through his studies and experiences, came to the conclusion that the energetic heart really is the bridge to one’s higher awareness capacities. I then co-founded a highly successful company in the field of electrostatics and although I continued to meditate and could achieve some quite expanded inner states, I would often find myself stressed and quick to get triggered, feeling frustrated, impatient and judgmental of others in my day-to-day life. This was my first exposure to biofeedback, various types of mindfulness and meditation practices, and methods of measuring one’s autonomic nervous system responses as a feedback signal, etc. This curiosity led me to start exploring other perspectives, which eventually led me to leave Motorola and move to California where I ended up getting a master’s degree in consciousness studies. Prior to this, I was a communication systems engineer at Motorola and found that I was never satisfied with the explanations I had been taught about the deeper nature of electromagnetism, even though much was understood in terms of how to use these seemingly mysterious electromagnetic “fields” to carry information over great distances. The path that led my colleagues and me to heart rate variability (HRV) research and the subsequent development of HRV biofeedback technologies started in 1987 when I first met Doc Childre, who a little later, founded the HeartMath Institute.
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![]() Groups levelled up in June ’17, increasing the maximum number of members to 10,000. The supergroup’s size increased from 1000 to 5000 members in 2016. In September 2015, Telegram introduced channels for broadcasting messages to the masses. Supergroups: As WhatsApp increased its user limit for groups to 1000, Telegram introduced the “Supergroups”, which supported up to 5000 members.Channels can have unlimited followers, offer view counters for each post and only let the admins post. Channels: In September ’15, Telegram introduced Channels, a tool for broadcasting to the masses.Bots exist to add features to Telegram and make users’ lives easier – bots can handle payments, moderate groups, fetch emails and much more. It created a platform for users to create and publish their own bots. Bots: In June of 2015, Telegram released the Bot API.The servers of Telegram are spread across the globe, with five data centres situated in different parts of the world, while the operations centre is based in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Still, the staff uproots to a new location now and then, working out of a series of hotel rooms or accommodations rented mostly on. Telegram was originally based out of a small Berlin office. Telegram started as an encrypted messaging system and was essentially founded so the Durov brothers could communicate between themselves without the Russian security services snooping on them. His brother, Nikolai, focused on coding and created the MTProto protocol that is the basis for the messenger. Pavel provided the fund and infrastructure for the project as he reportedly left Russia with reportedly 300$ million after Vkantakte’s buyout. It was launched for iOS on Augand Android on October 20 2013. In August 2013, Pavel pulled the rabbit out of the hat – enter Telegram, an encrypted chat service. As VK quickly became popular, the app scraped off the invitation requirement, and its user count started skyrocketing.Īfter leaving Russia, the Durov brothers obtained citizenship by donating $250,000 to the country’s Sugar Industry Diversification Foundation. Pavel regarded the website as a non-anonymous extension to the university forum (also created by him), available only via invitation from other users. VK had all the features that a typical Facebook user was familiar with: a user profile, direct messaging, a wall for posting content and, most importantly, a display of the user’s personal information. ![]() creating a version of Facebook for Russian cyberspace but only faster and better. Together, the Durov brothers work to achieve a single goal, i.e. Seeing this, Nikolai Durov, Pavel’s older brother, joins the company as a chief technical officer. Originally conceived as a platform for university students, VKontakte gains popularity among the general public and starts welcoming all users. Petersburg State University, Pavel Durov designs a social platform and names it VKontakte, also known as VK, which is Russian for “in-touch”. Its disruptive pattern applied Abbott Thayer’s theories in an effort to inhibit enemy observation from the air and on the ground. ![]() The colorful pattern on this German aircraft from World War I is called lozenge camouflage. Although his suggestions were initially rejected, his former students were among the founders of the American Camouflage Society in 1916 and his theories were eventually adopted and are still used today. Radiation is energy that travels and spreads out as it goes the visible light that comes from a lamp in your house and the radio waves that come from a radio station are two types of electromagnetic radiation. Despite these shortcomings, Thayer went on to be the first to propose camouflage for military purposes. The electromagnetic (EM) spectrum is the range of all types of EM radiation. Teddy Roosevelt most notably attacked his theories by pointing out that this concealment doesn’t last all season, or even all day, but was dependent on a single frozen moment in times. He was extreme in his views arguing that all animal coloration was for protective purposes and failing to recognize other possible reasons such as sexual selection – characteristics for attracting a mate. In his book, Concealing Coloration in the Animal Kingdom, Thayer presented his beliefs of protective coloration as an essential factor in evolution helping animals disguise themselves from predators. Emission spectra are the specific wavelengths of light emitted by the electrons in atoms as they lose energy. Thayer, an American artist, devoted much of his life to understanding how animals conceal themselves in nature for survival. In this illustration Thayer shows how a peacock can disappear into its surroundings. American artist Abbott Thayer introduced the concept of disruptive patterning, in which an animal’s uneven markings can disguise its outline. Dispersion, the separation of visible light into a spectrum, may be accomplished by means of a prism or a diffraction grating. Illustrstions by Abbott Handerson Thayer (his father)Ĭoncealing-Coloration in the Animal KingdomĬan you find the animal hiding in this image? Camouflage uses color to conceal forms by creating optical illusions. Subtractive primary colors - blue, red, and yellow – are often taught to us as children, and when mixed together they create black. Books, paintings, grass and cars are examples of a subtractive color system which is based on the chemical makeup of an object and its reflection of light as a color. Red, green and blue are the primary additive colors and when combined they produce transparent white light. ![]() Rainbows, TVs, computer screens and mobile devices all emit light and are examples of an additive color system (the subject of Newton’s Opticks). Le Blon’s distinction marks the first documentation of what is now referred to as additive and subtractive color systems. ![]() He makes an important distinction between “material colors,” as used by painters, and colored light, which was the focus of Newton’s color theories. Le Blon was the first to outline a three-color printing method using primary colors (red, yellow, blue) to create secondary colors (green, purple, orange). This very rare book formed the foundation for modern color printing. Coloritto, or, The harmony of colouring in painting. ![]() No personal information is collected by this website. The author will not post anything related to any of his patients personal medical histories or circumstances without their explicit written permission. The mission of this blog is to provide readers with critical appraisals of nutrition and weight related claims, products and policies so as to allow readers to make more informed decisions in those areas. If you have a medical problem you should consult your own physician for advice specific to your own situation. This page is not designed to give specific medical advice. Īny medical discussion on this page is intended to be of a general nature only.
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